An Investigation of the Impact of Border Closure Policies on Regional Peace: A Case Study of Illela Local Government Area, Sokoto State
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Background of the Study
Border closure policies are often employed by governments as a strategic measure to prevent illegal activities such as smuggling, trafficking, and insurgent movements. In recent years, the Nigerian government has closed its borders at various points, including in Sokoto State, as part of efforts to curb cross-border crimes, especially in regions with porous boundaries. Illela, located along the border with the Republic of Niger, has experienced both the intended and unintended effects of these policies. While border closure can restrict the flow of illicit goods and prevent external threats, it can also have significant socio-economic and political consequences for local communities that rely on cross-border trade.
The closure of borders in Illela has disrupted trade relations, strained local economies, and affected livelihoods, particularly for traders and farmers who depend on the free movement of goods and services across the border. Furthermore, it has influenced regional peace dynamics by exacerbating tensions between local communities, traders, and government authorities. In some instances, it has led to a rise in conflict over scarce resources and disagreements over government policies. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of border closure policies on regional peace, focusing on how it affects both the security and social cohesion of communities in Illela.
Statement of the Problem
While border closure policies are intended to improve national security and curb illicit activities, they often come with unintended consequences for local populations. In Illela, the closure of borders has led to growing discontent among local traders and communities who face economic hardship as a result. This has triggered tensions and conflicts between border communities and law enforcement agencies. Additionally, the breakdown of cross-border interactions, which once facilitated peaceful cohabitation and mutual understanding between Nigerian and Nigerien communities, has further complicated efforts at regional peacebuilding. Despite these implications, there has been limited research on how border closure policies specifically affect regional peace in border areas such as Illela. This study, therefore, aims to fill this gap by exploring the broader social and security impacts of these policies.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess the effects of border closure policies on regional peace in Illela LGA.
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To examine the socio-economic impact of border closure on communities and trade activities in Illela.
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To explore the security implications of border closure in terms of cross-border cooperation and community relationships.
Research Questions
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How have border closure policies affected regional peace in Illela LGA?
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What are the socio-economic consequences of border closures for the communities in Illela?
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How have border closure policies influenced the security dynamics between Illela and neighboring regions?
Research Hypotheses
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Border closure policies have a significant negative impact on regional peace in Illela LGA.
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The closure of borders has worsened the socio-economic conditions of border communities in Illela LGA.
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Border closures have led to an increase in security challenges in Illela and surrounding regions.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the period and will primarily assess the impact of border closure policies in Illela LGA. Limitations of the study may include difficulties in accessing border communities due to security concerns and challenges in obtaining data from informal traders who may be reluctant to speak openly about the impact of border policies.
Definitions of Terms
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Border Closure Policies: Government measures that restrict the movement of goods and people across national borders, often implemented for security reasons.
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Regional Peace: The stability and harmonious relationship between neighboring regions or communities, free from conflict or violence.
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Socio-economic Impact: The effect of an event or policy on the economy and social well-being of a community or population.
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